N. mirabilis var. globosa — round inflated lower pitcher
About
While *Nepenthes mirabilis* is famous for its incredible variability and wide distribution, the variety *Nepenthes mirabilis var. echinostoma* is notable for being the only form of the species found in Brunei. Furthermore, the related variety *Nepenthes globosa* is popularly known as *Nepenthes sp. Viking* due to the resemblance of its pitchers to a Viking ship's prow.
Field notes
Morphology
The species exhibits great variability in terms of pitcher morphology and colour. The variety *N. mirabilis var. echinostoma* has an extremely wide peristome. The variety *N. mirabilis var. globosa* is featured in the horticultural trade.
Distribution & habitat
It has the widest distribution of any Nepenthes species, covering continental Southeast Asia and all major islands of the Malay Archipelago, from China in the north to Australia in the south. Specific regions include Australia (Cape York Peninsula), Borneo, Cambodia, China (Guangdong Province, Hainan, Hong Kong, and Macau), Java, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Sumatra, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Ecology
The pitchers harbor complex microecosystems, including mosquito larvae, midges, and nematodes like *Baujardia mirabilis*. The acidic digestive juices (pH as low as 2) are tolerated by amphibians like tree frogs, which feed on insects caught by the pitchers. The pitchers also support diverse bacterial communities and aquatic fungi.
History & etymology
The variety *Nepenthes mirabilis var. echinostoma* was discovered by Odoardo Beccari in 1865 and described as a species by Joseph Dalton Hooker in 1873. The variety *Nepenthes mirabilis var. globosa* was described by Marcello Catalano in 2010, though it was previously referred to as *Nepenthes sp. Viking*.
Conservation
The conservation status of *N. mirabilis* is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.
Habitat
- Altitude
- 0–200 m
- Altitude Class
- lowland
- Native To
- Thailand
Cultivation
- Difficulty
- easy
- Temperature
- Day 28–35°C / Night 20–28°C
- Humidity
- 70–95%
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