Chhe (talk) · Public domain
About
The genus *Philodendron* is a massive and taxonomically complex group of plants, notable for its diverse growth habits, which range from terrestrial to climbing epiphytes. Many species are popular ornamental and indoor plants, and the genus exhibits unique physiological traits, such as producing sticky resins and undergoing dramatic leaf metamorphosis.
Field notes
Morphology
Leaves are typically large and imposing, often lobed, deeply cut, or pinnate, but can vary widely in shape (e.g., heart-shaped, spear-shaped, or divided). The plant exhibits metamorphosis, producing distinct juvenile and adult leaves, which can differ drastically in size and shape. Cataphylls, which protect new leaves, are usually green, rigid, and can be either deciduous or persistent.
Ecology
Some primary epiphytic species have a symbiotic relationship with ants, growing the ants' nest amongst their roots. They also possess extrafloral nectaries that secrete nectar to attract ants, which in turn protect the plant from insects. The genus also exhibits complex reproductive strategies involving thermogenesis in the spadix, which generates heat and infrared radiation to attract and potentially trigger mating in beetles.
History & etymology
The name derives from the Greek words philo- 'love, affection' and dendron 'tree'.
Habitat
- Altitude
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- Altitude Class
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Cultivation
- Difficulty
- intermediate
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